Safety as Access
Recently published:
Levinson, David (2025) “Safety as Access.” Findings, September. [doi]
This paper extends the General Theory of Access by explicitly accounting for safety. Using a capability approach, we show how crash probability and severity systematically reduce lifecycle access via a severity-weighted impairment multiplier. The resulting safety-adjusted access can be monetised in appraisal, avoiding double counting relative to conventional Value of Statistical Life (VSL) methods.
